If you're trying to learn Esperanto Adjectives you will find some useful resources including a course about Adjectives, Colors, Shapes, Sizes... to help you with your Esperanto grammar. Try to concentrate on the lesson and notice the pattern that occurs each time the word changes its place. Also don't forget to check the rest of our other lessons listed on Learn Esperanto. Enjoy the rest of the lesson!
Learning the Esperanto Adjectives is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you practice the subject, the closer you get to mastering the Esperanto language. But first we need to know what the role of Adjectives is in the structure of the grammar in Esperanto.
Esperanto Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing in the sentence.
While in English an adjective doesn’t change when the noun changes, in Esperanto an adjective should agree in number with the noun. For example:
Ĉi tio estas mia blanka kato (this is my white cat) becomes: Ĉi tioj estas miaj blankaj katoj (these are my white cats).
As you can see from the example above, the adjective (which may come immediately before or immediately after the noun) takes the plural form.
Here are some examples:
| English Adjectives | Esperanto Adjectives |
|---|---|
| adjectives | adjektivoj |
| a green tree | verda arbo |
| a tall building | alta konstruaĵo |
| a very old man | tre maljuna viro |
| the old red house | la malnova ruĝa domo |
| a very nice friend | tre bela amiko |
As you can see from the example above, the structure of the Adjectives in Esperanto has a logical pattern. Locate the Adjectives above and see how it works with the rest of the sentence in Esperanto.
Below is a list of the Adjectives, Colors, Shapes, Sizes in Esperanto placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Esperanto vocabulary.
| English Adjectives | Esperanto Adjectives |
|---|---|
| colors | koloroj |
| black | nigra |
| blue | blua |
| brown | bruna |
| gray | griza |
| green | verda |
| orange | oranĝa |
| purple | purpura |
| red | ruĝa |
| white | blanka |
| yellow | flava |
| sizes | grandecoj |
| big | granda |
| deep | profunda |
| long | longa |
| narrow | mallarĝa |
| short | mallonga (not long), malalta (not tall) |
| small | malgranda |
| tall | alta |
| thick | dika |
| thin | maldika |
| wide | larĝa |
| shapes | formoj |
| circular | ronda |
| straight | rekta |
| square | kvadrata |
| triangular | triangula |
| tastes | gustoj |
| bitter | amara |
| fresh | freŝa |
| salty | saleca |
| sour | acida, amara |
| spicy | spica |
| sweet | dolĉa |
| qualities | kvalitoj |
| bad | malbona |
| clean | pura |
| dark | malluma |
| difficult | malfacila |
| dirty | malpura |
| dry | seka |
| easy | facila |
| empty | malplena |
| expensive | kara, multekosta |
| fast | rapida |
| foreign | fremda |
| full | plena |
| good | bona |
| hard | malmola (not soft), malfacila (not easy) |
| heavy | peza |
| inexpensive | malkara, malmultekosta |
| light | luma |
| local | loka |
| new | nova |
| noisy | malkvieta, laŭta, brua |
| old | malnova (not new), maljuna (not old) |
| powerful | potenca |
| quiet | kvieta, mallaŭta |
| correct | ĝusta |
| slow | malrapida |
| soft | mola |
| very | tre |
| weak | malforta |
| wet | malseka |
| wrong | malĝusta |
| young | juna |
| quantities | kvantoj |
| few | malmultaj |
| little | malgranda (not big), malmulta (not many) |
| many | multaj |
| much | multa |
| part | parta |
| some | iuj |
| a few | kelkaj |
| whole | tuta |
Adjectives, Colors, Shapes, Sizes have a very important role in Esperanto, therefore they need very special attention. Once you're done with Esperanto Adjectives, you might want to check the rest of our Esperanto lessons here: Learn Esperanto. Don't forget to bookmark this page.
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