If you're trying to learn Esperanto Feminine you will find some useful resources including a course about genders: Feminine and Masculine... to help you with your Esperanto grammar. Try to concentrate on the lesson and notice the pattern that occurs each time the word changes its place. Also don't forget to check the rest of our other lessons listed on Learn Esperanto. Enjoy the rest of the lesson!
Learning the Esperanto Feminine is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you practice the subject, the closer you get to mastering the Esperanto language. But first we need to know what the role of Feminine is in the structure of the grammar in Esperanto.
Esperanto feminine refers to female qualities attributed specifically to women and girls or things considered feminine. The complement to feminine is masculine.
To form a feminine sex word from the masculine in Esperanto, you simply add the infix (-in-) to the default substantive ending. Here are two examples:
Filo (son) becomes filino (daughter), Lernanto (male, or student of undetermined sex) becomes lernantino (female student).
To make some words unambiguously male, one may use the prefix (vir-).
Thus, “besto” is beast; “virbesto” is a male beast.
Here are some examples:
| English Feminine | Esperanto Feminine |
|---|---|
| Feminine | Ina |
| he is happy | li estas feliĉa |
| she is happy | ŝi estas feliĉa |
| he is American | li estas Usona |
| she is American | ŝi estas Usona |
| man | viro |
| woman | virino |
| father | patro |
| mother | patrino |
| brother | frato |
| sister | fratino |
| uncle | onklo |
| aunt | onklino |
| bull | virbovo |
| cow | bovino |
| boy | knabo |
| girl | knabino |
As you can see from the example above, the structure of the Feminine in Esperanto has a logical pattern. Locate the Feminine above and see how it works with the rest of the sentence in Esperanto.
Below is a list of objects, can you determine whether they're feminine, masculine or plural in Esperanto? Memorizing this table will also help you add very useful and important words to your Esperanto vocabulary.
| English Vocabulary | Esperanto Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| objects | objektoj |
| bathroom | banejo, banĉambro |
| bed | lito |
| bedroom | dormoĉambro |
| ceiling | plafono |
| chair | seĝo |
| clothes | vestoj |
| coat | mantelo |
| cup | taso |
| desk | skribtablo |
| dress | robo |
| floor | planko |
| fork | forko |
| furniture | meblo(j) |
| glass | glaso |
| hat | ĉapelo |
| house | domo |
| ink | inko |
| jacket | jako |
| kitchen | kuirejo |
| knife | tranĉilo |
| lamp | lampo |
| letter | letero |
| map | mapo |
| newspaper | ĵurnalo, gazeto |
| notebook | notlibro, kajero |
| pants | pantalono |
| paper | papero |
| pen | plumo |
| pencil | krajono |
| pharmacy | apoteko, farmacio |
| picture | bildo |
| plate | telero |
| refrigerator | fridujo |
| restaurant | restoracio |
| roof | tegmento |
| room | ĉambro |
| rug | tapiŝeto |
| scissors | tondilo |
| shampoo | ŝampuo |
| shirt | ĉemizo |
| shoes | ŝuoj |
| soap | sapo |
| socks | ŝtrumpoj |
| spoon | kulero |
| table | tablo |
| toilet | tualeto, necesejo |
| toothbrush | dentobroso |
| toothpaste | dentopasto |
| towel | mantuko, tualettuko |
| umbrella | ombrelo, pluvombrelo |
| underwear | kalsono |
| wall | muro |
| wallet | monujo, monbiletujo |
| window | fenestro |
| telephone | telefono |
Feminine and Masculine have a very important role in Esperanto, therefore they need very special attention. Once you're done with Esperanto Feminine, you might want to check the rest of our Esperanto lessons here: Learn Esperanto. Don't forget to bookmark this page.
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